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November 2025 report

November 2025 reflects a continued and deepening deterioration across Sudan’s political, economic, social, humanitarian, security, health, and education landscapes. The protracted conflict has precipitated institutional collapse, widened protection gaps, and intensified economic and social disruption. Field observation gathered by YCON (Youth Citizens Observers Network) reveals significant inter-state variations in exposure to risk, access to essential services, and community coping capacity.

Politically and in the security domain, the month was marked by renewed regional and international engagement. Notably, joint diplomatic efforts by the United States and Saudi Arabia sought to reactivate stalled negotiations. In parallel, the European Union announced sanctions against Abdelrahim Hamdan Dagalo in response to serious abuses in El Fasher.

On civilian protection and human rights, YCON monitoring documented persistent and grave patterns of abuse including arbitrary detention, extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, gender-based violence, recruitment of children, and systematic obstruction of humanitarian access. Darfur, Kordofan, and Khartoum and peripheral areas remain the epicentres of heightened vulnerability.

Socially, the reporting period saw a sharp escalation in polarizing rhetoric and hate speech along ethnic and political lines, while civic space contracted across multiple localities due to insecurity and restrictive environments.

Economically, Sudan remains in severe contraction. Purchasing power continues to erode, the cost of living rises sharply, and local markets exhibit systemic fragility.

Forced displacement accelerated sharply during the month. More than 106,000 people have fled El Fasher and surrounding areas since 26 October 2025, amidst dire humanitarian conditions across North, Central, and East Darfur.

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