This report highlights key developments in Sudan during February 2026, based on monitoring conducted by the Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON). According to field observers, the overall security and political landscape saw no major shifts during the month. Drone attacks by both SAF and RSF continued to target multiple locations, resulting in significant casualties. Clashes were also reported in parts of Kordofan and North Darfur between SAF and its allied groups on one side and RSF on...

The month of January 2026 highlights the continuation of Sudan’s multidimensional crisis across political, security, humanitarian, economic, social, health, and educational spheres, amid a protracted armed conflict that has entrenched the dominance of military approaches at the expense of any viable internal political process. Field monitoring conducted by the Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON) indicates an escalating impact of the conflict on civilians’ lives and access to essential...

December 2025 witnessed the continued and comprehensive deterioration of conditions in Sudan across the political, security, humanitarian, economic, social, health, and education sectors. On the political and security fronts, the month was marked by a significant military escalation and shifts in control, most notably the RSF’s takeover of the SAF’s 22nd Division in the city of Babanusa, consolidating their control over the entirety of West Kordofan State. Throughout December 2025, serious...

During the April 15, 2023 war, social media platforms in Sudan became an active political arena where tribal discourse, hate speech, and racism are reproduced. This report, issued by the Social Media Observatory of the Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON), examines patterns of tribal presence in the digital space and explores the relationship between tribal discourse, incitement, and hate speech. The analysis is based on more than 22,000 posts published on Facebook, TikTok, and X during...

November 2025 reflects a continued and deepening deterioration across Sudan’s political, economic, social, humanitarian, security, health, and education landscapes. The protracted conflict has precipitated institutional collapse, widened protection gaps, and intensified economic and social disruption. Field observation gathered by YCON (Youth Citizens Observers Network) reveals significant inter-state variations in exposure to risk, access to essential services, and community coping capacity....

During October 2025, significant security and political developments were recorded. The RSF declared full control over the city of El Fasher in North Darfur State on October 26, following a siege that had lasted nearly two years. This announcement was accompanied by grave violations against civilians, including summary executions and widespread destruction in residential neighborhoods—acts described in international reports as crimes against humanity. Amid these developments, the US capital...

The Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON) is closely monitoring with grave concern the situation in El Fasher, North Darfur, which recently came under the control of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) after a prolonged siege that inflicted severe humanitarian suffering on the population. YCON field observers reported that on November 26–27, 2025, serious human rights violations took place, including mass killings and executions targeting civilians based on ethnic affiliation. Video footage...

During September 2025, the situation in Sudan continued to deteriorate alarmingly amid the escalation of violations against civilians and the expansion of armed conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Field observations by the Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON) indicate that the pattern of violations has increasingly become linked to areas of military control by each party, where authority is exercised excessively and outside any legal or...

Since the outbreak of the Sudan war on April 15, 2023, its devastating effects on the education system have increased, with a large number of schools been closed or converted into centers to shelter displaced people. A large number of students in the states of Kordofan and Darfur were unable to sit for the postponed Sudanese Certificate exams for the 2022–2023 academic year. Thus, the Sudanese Certificate transformed from a prominent national and social event with profound impact on families...

In this report, the Youth Citizens Observers Network (YCON) examines the condition of the road connecting El Geneina in West Darfur State to Adré in Chad, with a focus on traffic flow, trade activities, and civilian movement.

Introduction This report aims to assess the condition of the road linking Nyala city (South Darfur State) and Nyrtiti city (Central Darfur State). It focuses on the flow of traffic, trade, and the movement of citizens, while also monitoring the obstacles they face. Military Control The distance between Nyala and Zalingei, the capitals of South Darfur and Central Darfur States, is approximately 214 kilometers. Both cities are controlled by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). The Sudan Liberation...

August 2025 witnessed a troubling continuation of deteriorating conditions, particularly regarding human rights and civilian protection. Violations expanded into Kassala and Gedaref in the east, Khartoum State, North Kordofan, and large areas of Darfur (North, Central, and West). Reported abuses included artillery strikes on populated areas, arbitrary arrests, extrajudicial killings, and severe restrictions on freedoms. These violations were compounded by worsening shortages of food, water,...